Coco chanel biography pliny
Classical Civilization
Spring 2025
Eternal Rome: The Archaeology and History of the Ancient City
CLAS 10030 01
Prof. D. Hernandez, TR 2:00-3:15
Two thousand years ago, Rome was the capital of an empire stretching across the Mediterranean, from England, Spain and North Africa to Turkey, Iraq and Egypt. Built from the wealth of its expansive dominion, it was the greatest metropolis on earth, at the center of a vast web of interconnected regions and cultures. The city has remained the focus of the Catholic Church and Christianity in Europe for more than 1500 years. Since antiquity, Rome has welcomed many of the world’s greatest intellectuals, artists, and historical figures. Once at the heart of the Italian Renaissance and now capital of Italy, Rome remains preeminent in the world.
This course explores the art, archaeology, history, literature, and urban development of the eternal city, from its legendary Trojan origins to modern times, a period which spans almost three thousand years. The course provides a comprehensive survey of Rome, primarily through the examination of its history and material culture (e.g., architecture, inscriptions, paintings, coins, etc.). We will explore the major archaeological sites and museums, to examine how Rome’s monuments and artifacts reflect the social, political, and religious outlook of Roman society over time. As the largest archaeological site in the world, Rome offers an unparalleled insight into the genesis and development of Europe—its history, art, architecture, literature, philosophies, institutions, and heritage—and thereby provides a deeper glimpse of humanity.
Rebels in Myth: From Antigone to the Joker
CLAS 10210
Prof. A. Tagliabue, MW 11:30-12:20; Discussion groups F 11:30-12:20
Be content with what you have! Accept your human and social limits, and never try to overcome them! In their attempt to create a peaceful world (cosmos), ancient Greeks put a high premium on humans’ acceptance of their natural The history of cosmetics spans at least 7,000 years and is present in almost every society on earth. Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture. The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments (red ochre) including crayons associated with the emergence of Homo sapiens in Africa. Cosmetics are mentioned in the Old Testament—2 Kings 9:30 where Jezebel painted her eyelids—approximately 840 BC—and the book of Esther describes various beauty treatments as well. Cosmetics were also used in ancient Rome, although much of Roman literature suggests that it was frowned upon. It is known that some women in ancient Rome invented make up including lead-based formulas, to whiten the skin, and kohl to line the eyes. One of the earliest cultures to use cosmetics was ancient Egypt, where both Egyptian men and women used makeup to enhance their appearance. The first cosmetics appeared 5,000 years ago in Egypt. To achieve a pleasant smell and softness of the skin, incense oils were used, and women applied white to protect their faces from the sun. The Egyptians were also the first to use black antimony-based paint as eyeliner. And to create a natural blush, they would crush flowers The use of cosmetics in Ancient Egypt is well documented. Kohl has its roots in north Africa. The use of black kohl eyeliner and eyeshadows in dark colours such as blue, red, and black was common, and was commonly recorded and represented in Egyptian art, as well as being seen in Egyptian hieroglyphs. Ancient Egyptians also extracted cosmetic face paint from fucus-algin, 0.01% iodine, and bromine mannite, however the bromine-based makeup was severely toxic.Lipsticks with shimmering effects were initially made using a pearlescent substance found in fish scales, which Features correspondent It was worn by kings and queens in paintings – and eaten by Elizabeth Taylor's puppy. Matthew Wilson traces a history of La Peregrina – and of pearls in art. It was spring 1969, and in the top-floor apartment of Caesar's Palace in Las Vegas, Elizabeth Taylor was in a blind panic. Her most beloved item of jewellery, a drop-shaped 25.5mm (1inch)-long natural pearl, which her husband Richard Burton had recently spent a fortune on, had vanished. The pearl in question – known as La Peregrina – was one of the most famous in world history, prized for its size, perfect shape and impressive provenance. Before Taylor owned it, La Peregrina had been owned by some of the most powerful dynasties in European history, and had appeared in portraits by artists including Peter Paul Rubens and Diego Velázquez. Taylor was on her hands and knees, scouring every inch of the suite's shag carpet, all to no avail. Then she noticed one of her Pekinese dogs dolefully chewing on something. "I just casually opened the puppy's mouth", she wrote in her book Elizabeth Taylor: My Love Affair with Jewellery, "and inside his mouth was the most perfect pearl in the world." The picaresque life story of La Peregrina is one that opens a door on to the significant role pearls have played in human culture as signifiers of beauty, power and wealth. Photographs of Elizabeth Taylor often capture her passion for natural pearls. They became synonymous with glamour and fame in the 1950s and 1960s, worn by women such as Coco Chanel, Jackie Kennedy and Marilyn Monroe: the celebrity aristocracy of the 20th Century. But the cultural significance of pearls goes far back in history: it is believed that the earliest evidence of pearl hunting comes from the 5000s BC in various sites on the coasts of the Indian Ocean. An obsession with them led to the Given the long history and global popularity of pearls, it’s no surprise that people have had a lot to say about the gemstones. From statements about their beauty to deeply personal thoughts on their meaning, many notable people have said pearl quotes that beautifully describe and capture different aspects of the gemstone. In this article, we highlight the top 50 pearl quotes, and in addition, put each quote into context. If you’re a longtime pearl collector or someone who simply admires the beauty of the gemstone, these quotes will definitely resonate with you! 1. “My dream is to adorn the neck of all women around the world with pearls.” – Kokichi Mikimoto Kokichi Mikimoto is the man who invented cultured pearls. Prior to cultured pearls, rare natural pearls were the only option available, making the supply extremely limited. Considering the popularity and availability of pearls today, which is due to cultured pearls, it’s safe to say Kokichi accomplished his dream. 2. “A woman needs ropes and ropes of pearls.” – Coco Chanel There is no doubt that pearls are synonymous with Coco Chanel. The French fashion icon wore pearls regularly, typically using the gemstones to complement her trademark suits and little black dresses. 3. “Pearls are always appropriate.” – Jackie Kennedy Pearls truly are always appropriate, especially considering they can complement so many different styles. America’s beloved former First Lady was a big fan of the gemstone, often incorporating large pearl earrings and necklaces into her colorful outfits. Jackie famously loved pink pearls, which perfectly accentuated her extremely chic style. 4. “But the pearls were accidents, and the finding of one was luck, a little pat on the back by God or the gods both.” – John Steinbeck The respected American author had a deep respect for pearls, so much so that he named a book after them. His admiration for the gemstone is seen through quotes like this which remind reade History of cosmetics
Africa
Egypt
La Peregrina: The world's most famous pearl